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This Website is only for those who wants to know much about Iridium and rice pullers! Those who are really interested in rice puller and want to gain knowledge about the working of Isolated & Radiated (Iridium) Instruments deals, can join this and have some knowledge and can minimize the damage in this Noble trade. You can get knowledge of real deals of Isolated & Radiated (Iridium) Instrument which is legal in India in this website! And you can also ask your doubts and post your links for Iridium in net.

The iridium layer lends credence to the impact catastrophe theory that dinosaurs of the late Cretaceous were killed by a meteorite impact and its ensuing planet-wide effects. However, new evidence suggests the crater thought to be responsible due to its iridium content (pictured at right) happened before the mass extinction

History of iridium

(from the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum) Discovered by Reich and Richter, who later isolated the metal. Until 1924, a gram or so constituted the world's supply of this element in isolated form. It is probably about as abundant as silver. About 4 million troy ounces of indium are now produced annually in the Free World.

Dig into rocks around the globe at the right depth and you may find a thin layer like the one pictured above, a geological hint about our planet's past. This sedimentary layer contains much more iridium than the surrounding layers, and the element iridium is rarely found on Earth but plentiful in rocks in space. For this reason, some scientists believe that there was an enormous meteorite impact that covered the planet in its dust.

The iridium layer lends credence to the impact catastrophe theory that dinosaurs of the late Cretaceous were killed by a meteorite impact and its ensuing planet-wide effects. However, new evidence suggests the crater thought to be responsible due to its iridium content (pictured at right) happened before the mass extinction

About Iridium

Incredibly dense, reflective metal with a slightly yellow hue to it
m.p. 2410 ºC; 4370 ºF
b.p. 4130 ºC; 7466 ºF
density 22.42 g/cc (17 ºC); 1399.63 pound/cubic foot (63 ºF)

1803 Smithson Tennant, England; parallel by Antoine François de Fourcroy and Nicolas Louis Vauquelin, and by Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils, France
Ιρις (Iris) = Greek goddess of the rainbow

History & Etymology

Smithson Tennant (1761-1815) discovered Iridium along with Osmium in the summer of 1803 in the black residue formed by the dissolution of native Platinum in aqua regia (see Osmium). As with his Osmium work Tennant heated the black powder, followed by fusion with caustic soda at red heat. The resulting cooled mass was then dissolved in water, and the black residue remaining was treated in "marine acid" (hydrochloric acid). The residue was again fused with caustic soda and extracted with HCl, giving dark red crystals, probably of Na2[IrCl6].nH2O. On heating these an unknown element was obtained as a white powder which "appeared of a white colour, and was not capable of being melted, by any degree of heat I could apply." About the naming of the new element, he wrote: "As it is necessary to give some name to bodies which have not been known before, and most convenient to indicate by it some characterstic property, I should incline to call his metal Iridium,from the striking variety of colours which it gives,while dissolving in marine acid."

Bran is particularly rich in dietary fiber and omegas and contains significant quantities of starch, protein, vitamins and dietary minerals. Thiamine is a colorless compound with a chemical formula C12H17N4OS. Its structure contains a pyrimidine ring and a thiazole ring linked by a methylene bridge. Thiamine is soluble in water, methanol, and glycerol and practically insoluble in acetone, ether, chloroform, and benzene. It is stable at acidic pH, but is unstable in alkaline solutions.[1][13] Thiamine is unstable to heat, but stable during frozen storage. It is unstable when exposed to ultraviolet light[13] and gamma irradiation.[14][15] Thiamine reacts strongly in Maillard-type reactions

The Maillard Reaction is a chemical reaction between an amino acid and a reducing sugar, usually requiring heat. It is vitally important in the preparation or presentation of many types of food, and, like caramelization, is a form of non-enzymatic browning The reactive carbonyl group of the sugar reacts with the nucleophilic amino group of the amino acid, and forms a complex mixture of poorly characterized molecules responsible for a range of odors and flavors

YTYAN IRIDIUM, Platinum's twin companion And to which it has a great resemblance, Is a white and brittle metal that fuses With difficulty in the Compound Blowpipe flame.
J. Carrington Sellars, Chemistianity, 1873, p-186

Griffith, W.P., Bicentenary of Four Platinum Group Metals, Part II: Osmium and Iridium – events surrounding their discoveries. In: Platinum Metals Review 48, 4 (October 2004): 182-189 (on-line).

International Platinum Association, Iridium History (on-line).

Platinum. Gmelins Handbuch der anorganische Chemie,8. Aufl.; System-Nummer 68 (1951), Pt. A. pp. 12-13.

Tennant, Smithson, "On two Metals, found in the black powder remaining after the solution of Platina." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 95 (1805), 411-418

Weeks, Mary Elvira, Discovery of the Elements, comp. rev. by Heny M. Leicester (Easton, Pa.: Journal of Chemical Education, 1968), pp. 414-418

Greek Mythology: IRIS Goddess of the Rainbow & Messenger of the Gods w/ Pictures (on-line) (The illustration to the right is from that page).